Aircraft carrier is a country is heavy implement, the technology is sophisticated, cost is high, expanding aircraft carrier is not a simple thing. Current, can design by oneself on the world, make modern large aircraft carrier and whole series the country of a variety of model carrier-borne planes, have the United States and Russia only. These two countries already began to develop actually new one class aircraft carrier.
Design aircraft carrier for carrier-borne machine, let aircraft carrier suit carrier-borne machine
Enter 21 centuries, the development of carrier-borne plane is formed new round of upsurge. Russia of law of United States flower state-owned much model carrier-borne plane is in grind beforehand, design, production, upgrade wait for different level, cover plane of war of plane of multipurpose battleplan, attack plane, early-warning, electron to wait for a variety of types.
According to American navy the website reports, on November 26, machine of test and verify of X-47B of the first kind of unmanned opportunity for combat is garrisoned " Nimitz " class aircraft carrier the 8th " Du Lu door " date, have by a definite date 3 weeks test, inspect its to leave the integrated capacity with aircraft carrier board and garage space in condition of moor and maritime voyage. Beautiful naval pla the most popular 15 pin vga n allows X-47B and new-style aircraft carrier " Ford " class head naval vessel " Ford " date enlists in army at the same time. After embarking X-47B, aircraft carrier holds 100 thousand tons of degree plane number can amount to 150.
Last year on October 26, f-35B of opportunity for combat of the Five Dynasties is in the United States " wasp " naval vessel of bow of class amphibious attack " wasp " by a definite date was finished on date 3 weeks maritime test. "Wasp " date displacement 40 thousand tons, captain of a naval ship 257.3 meters, flight deck is 250 meters long, 32.3 meters wide, main task is amphibious attack, offer empty medium-counts aid, tactics for marine corps attack, go instead or form into columns for surface naval ships provide the protection in sky.
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To the requirement falls since contented F-35B, "Wasp " fall since date board laid the thermionic coating that pottery and porcelain and aluminous silk braid a structure, increased board hear resistance, be able to bear or endure corrode sex. Two F-35B were finished fall since 72 sortie, total flight time 28 hours. This the test is the first step that 3 phase test plans the naval vessel on F-35B plane, test of the 2nd phase will spread out 2013.
Deserve attention still have, this year on January 27, japanese maritime militia is new start working of 22DDH of chaser of one class helicopter is built. This captain of a naval ship 248 meters, 38 meters wide, be fully loaded with displacement 27 thousand tons, flight deck is direct, the surface lays high temperature resistant layer, the greatest takeoff quality 30 tons, and the greatest takeoff quality of F-35B is 27 tons.
The shipboard elevator that 22DDH installed contemporary and large aircraft carrier to use, is not before " day to " the ele 15 pin vga to hdmi vator inside the shipboard that the influence that class uses falls since machine of fixed ala carrier-borne. 22DDH can carry 8 F-35B at most, with as good as of small-sized aircraft carrier. This is Japan builds the aircraft carrier on real significance to make technology and use experience reserve to will be designed henceforth. On June 29, japan defends the province announces, already bought first F-35 plane and United States to sign a contract, the consign before 2016, buy gross to amount to 42.
New-style aircraft carrier has not build, carrier-borne plane test is quickened, refract the information of deep administrative levels that give from which very rich. OK and affirmatory is, new-style carrier-borne plane will bring prospective aircraft carrier to fight the change of use means and even warlike mode, extend new strategic thin satin pjs for girls king space, develop concept and design produce far-reaching effect to prospective aircraft carrier.
This lets a person ponder over a problem at the same time: It is to be carrier-borne plane to design aircraft carrier, still let aircraft carrier suit carrier-borne plane? Although two problems are inseparable, but also can see a clear vein, the development that is aircraft carrier should get the traction that carrier-borne airlines admits. Aircraft carrier basic skill can be to serve as a plane to carry platform, "Aircraft carrier " English is " Aircraft Carrier " , its fight efficiency comes true through carrier-borne plane.
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The United States is naval " Ford " aircraft carrier of future of aircraft carrier guiding develops form new trend
The United States is newest aircraft carrier is one class " Ford " class, head naval vessel " Ford " date in September 2008 start working, the plan enlisted in army 2015. "Ford " number has not be launched, on Feburary 25, satin pjs best buy 2011, second naval vessel " Kennedy " date already start working. American navy hopes to preserve the scope of 11 aircraft carrier, "Ford " class will be replaced " Nimitz " class and " enterprise " date, be be worthy of " 21 centuries aircraft carrier " .
"Ford " date displacement amounts to 100 thousand tons, flight deck is 332.8 meters long, 78 meters wide. "Ford " the feature of a few technologies of date is already clear now, be like device of high-power nuclear power, full electric power is advanced, electromagnetism eject, provide electromagnetism orbit artillery piece and laser weapon, the plane such as embarking F-35C, F-35B, F/A-18E/F, E/A-18G, E-2D, MH-60R/S, X-47B, have higher network level and capability of network center warfare and concealed body property. In recent years, relevant system already was developed and check a success, have on naval vessel ability. "Ford " the trend of development of aircraft carrier of future of aircraft carrier guiding basically reflects number in the following respects:
The first it is the naval vessel on unmanned opportunity for combat. Unmanned opportunity for combat has cost to wait for a characteristic body of low, small-sized, intelligence, concealed, remotely, executive task synthesization, high accuracy, round-the-clock, can fight independently or with somebody opportunity for combat matchs, added the blow ability of aircraft carrier and space greatly. American navy is quickening development, exp most popular selling 12 volt adaptor eriment and deploy carrier-borne nobody fight the syste 15 pin vga m in sky, what unmanned opportunity for combat occupies specific gravity to will rise continuously in carrier-borne plane. Unmanned opportunity for combat fights air of change future sea mode, produce far-reaching effect to pattern of world war strategy.
The 2nd it is body of carrier-borne plane concealed is changed. The plane that the body pressing hidden from view such as F-35C, F-35B asks to develop will make the main trend of plane of 21 centuries carrier-borne. F-35C is history the first kind of quantity produces the engine of concealed body carrier-borne that enlist in army, indicating the United States is naval air arm enters concealed body period. "Ford " after class carries F-35C, fight in high strenth in, can be inside 7 day and night of 5 ～ dispatch everyday 220 sortie; Fight in moderate strength in, can dispatch everyday inside 30 day and night 180 sortie, hit 1500 targets.
The 3rd it is electromagnetism eject. Through phyletic model numerous carrier-borne airlines realizes the diversity of aircraft carrier executive task. Make sure carrier-borne plane dispatchs frequency and sortie are the key that improves performance of aircraft carrier battle, this raised taller requirement to removing flying ejector. Electromagnetism ejector thrust exports OK and accurate control, the unmanned aircraft that can alternant eject reachs a few tons a few tons or somebody machine. "Ford " the 4 electromagnetism ejector that date installs day all eject 160 sortie, peak value amounts to 270 sortie, traditional vapour ejector cannot accomplish this.
The 4th it is new idea weapon. Aircraft carrier is platform of high value weapon, "Ford " the cost nearby of date 15 billion dollar, and change course and cent guide type turns over naval vessel ballistic missile and freeboard velocity of sound turn over naval vessel cruise missile brings great menace to aircraft carrier. Except depend on form into columns outside naval ships and carrier-borne plane, naval vessel of boat female parent guides instead ability must stronger, this passes ability of new idea weapon to come true only, weapon of artillery piece of orbit of the magnetism that be like report, laser, high-energy ray weapon. The firing rate that electromagnetism orbit artillery piece projects amounts to 2.5 kilometers / the artillery shell of the second can destroy 340 kilometers to raid a target far, defence radius is had more than greatly defend a system nearly.
spring poolNotable is, american navy is active service aircraft carrier is displacement entirely the large aircraft carrier in 80 thousand tons of above, its are naval and new-style aircraft carrier still is large aircraft carrier, this is decided by strategy of American whole world, the effect cost of large aircraft carrier is compared and fight efficiency also has an advantage more.
However, perpendicular / short be apart from case fall the occurrence of plane of fixed ala carrier-borne, make " aircraft carrier " notional extension is greatly patulous. Ship of assault of active service and large amphibious includes American navy " wasp " class is mixed 8 times " Dalawa " class 4, new one class " the United States " class head naval vessel " the United States " number was launched on June 1 this year, "The United States " class displacement 45 thousand tons, considered to carry F-35B when the design. Such, the amphibious of embarking F-35B atttacks naval vessel as good as at medium or small aircraft carrier.
The naval vessel on F-35B makes an amount numerous, the amphibious with relatively cheap, quick disposition atttacks functional diversity, cost naval vessel can replace aircraft carrier, as motor-driven slick campaign and tactical class attack force and minitary force of forward position deploy remotely. Pass such " on any account is tie-in " politic, american naval minitary force is formed more reasonable.
Russia future aircraft carrier is not the aircraft carrier on traditional sense, the likelihood carries empty sky opportunity for combat
Russia navy thinks, owning aircraft carrier is the important sign of ocean of world of Russian navy return. New-style aircraft carrier is built in involving Russia, long-term weaponry purchases a plan, it is the main way that Russian navy builds and one of tasks. 2000, beijing of Russia president general allowed to approve navy to build route chart when " the policy foundation to naval domain of the Russian Federation before 2010 " , point out clearly among them, russian navy must own aircraft carrier.
Last year October, russia combines shipbuilding group Mann Teluoqinke expresses president collect, plan of technology of prospective aircraft carrier is already definite, displacement 80 thousand tons, 2018 start working, built 2023. Of the same age on November 18, russia defense minister holds the post of when when Xieerjiukefu is accepting international article to pass telecommunications company to interview, express, weaponry purchased 2011 ～ 2020 new-style without the consideration aircraft carrier makes a plan in the budget, but design of project of new-style aircraft carrier should get ready before 2020.
This year on Feburary 9, when Fulajimier Weisuosiji of Russian navy commanding officer is accepting Russian new company to interview before, express, development of new-style aircraft carrier will be completed before 2014, the start working after 2020 is built.
Weisuosiji claims, new-style aircraft carrier will " it is traditional sense no longer those who go up " aircraft carrier, will " surpass existing aircraft carrier one pace " , both neither can be " marshal of na most popular selling 15 pin vga vy of husband of assist of Nie of library at present " of date improve model, also won't be " enterprise " date, won't be more " Ming Sike " date, " base complementary " date in that way aircraft carrier. What should point out is, "Naval supreme commander of husband of assist of Nie of library at present " date is in Russia naval naval vessels is belon 12 volt adaptor price ged to in action series " heavy-duty carry machine cruiser " , although take no account of the carrier-borne plane that carries, its oppose naval vessel, air defence, turn over potential force to also exceed most cruiser.
ata pciWeisuosiji discloses, the aircraft carrier on traditional sense can be only in sky or space of battlefield of low course aerospace executes the mission, and new-style aircraft carrier will " the mission can be executed in all battlefield space " , "We will be ongoing one stride " , "We need to have qualitative flight " . New-style aircraft carrier can carry underwater aircraft already, also can carry somebody or unmanned aircraft, will be muti_function much task platform. "New-style aircraft carrier basically carries empty sky aircraft, because make day of authority and control of the air,decided mastery of the sea actually. Because make day of authority and control of the air,decided mastery of the sea actually..
On July 26, hold the post of Weikeduo Qieerkefu of Russian navy commanding officer newly to express when accepting TASS to interview, russian navy will build new-style aircraft carrier, had allocated funds to begin the work with respect to development of new-style aircraft carrier to relevant structure design department.
Judge integratedly, russia is new-style be like,aircraft carrier will be " the Yangnuofusike in black " 75 thousand tons of in that way degree are large nuclear power aircraft carrier, after all Russia has been had many aircraft carrier is designed and make experience. And " the mission can be executed in all battlefield space " , " the authority that make a day and mastery of the sky decided mastery of the sea actually " , the likelihood is reflected empty sky plane will embark in aircraft carrier.
Empty sky plane takes off like common plane, fly inside aerosphere with hypersonic speed, enter earthly orbit epigenesis to be spaceflight aircraft, after returning aerosphere, land like common plane, the most popular satin pjs can repeat use, can carry, maintenance, reclaim, destroy or capture satellite, also can carry personnel and goods and materials, embark and carry day radical to guide instead weapon, the task such as executive intercept, scout and bomb, it is the empty sky weapon that provides power extremely.
Last year in Feburary, controller of general affairs of space of Russia military affairs announces, to answer American future sky the day flies machine -- the challenge of machine of X-37B orbit test and verify, russia is developing a kind of small-sized, maneuverability strong, can repeat used empty sky aircraft, already completed airframe design.
Go up century 60 time, russia has been carried out " helix " plan, developed sheet plane of empty sky of for military use, can serve as platform of spaceflight bomber, scout, day to carry chance of weapon platform, intercept, made machine of orbit test and verify undertake for many times flying, had carried out again after " cloth pulls wind " machine of unmanned empty Tian Fei, " blizzard " plan of space shuttle and plane of MAKS sky day, accumulated rich experience.
The naval vessel on empty sky opportunity for combat, it is aircraft carrier platform " qualitative " leap, its fight efficiency and task will get huge rises and patulous, it is martial strategy and the inevitable tendency that martial science and technology develops and result, saying to go up is " be not traditional sense to go up " aircraft carrier and " surpass existing aircraft carrier one pace " .
Presently (revive) the bold innovation that makes weapon system design and develop a school of one's own already became a tradition, whether can Russia build a human history to get on the first " spaceflight mother ship " , let our wait and see what happens. (Unit of Li Dapeng's writer: Naval project university)
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